Rootstocks
Modern apple trees consist of two parts: the Scionwood and the Rootstock. Both parts are needed to replicate trees. The rootstocks offers many features including final height and grow rates, suckering, support needs, disease resistance, cold hardiness, and precocity (how early the tree can begin producing apples).
There is no universal rootstock final growth height. We categorize our trees into Dwarf (0-12'), Semi-Dwarf (13-21'), and Standard (22'+). We also use a percent of standard when defining the final height of trees. This gives more of a range in proportion than an actual measured height.
Suckering is the tendency for the rootstock to grow shoots and branches. These should be cut off in Winter to avoid transmitting disease while the tree is awake and growing.
Most Dwarf trees will need some sort of post or trellis to grow. Because the tree stays small, the root system also stay small. A post or trellis helps keep the tree from leaning or tipping over. Therefore, some dwarfing rootstocks require permanent or semi-permeant support.
Like the scion wood, the rootstock can also carry disease resistance and susceptibility. This will vary from rootstock to rootstock.
A note on cold-hardiness~ We have found no evidence that the rootstock can change the zone of a fruit tree. If a tree is only hardy to Zone 5, it will remain hardy to Zone 5, the rootstock does not make it hardy to Zone 4. Should evidence refuting this be published, we can amend this note.
For further information detailing the rootstock and the primary source for these rootstocks, please see the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Apple Extension website.
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Bud 9 Rootstock
A dwarfing rootstock also known as Budagosky 9 crossed from an M.8 x Red Standard (Krasnij Standard) in the Soviet Union. Slightly more dwarfing an...
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Bud 118 Rootstock
A very cold hardy semi-dwarfing apple rootstock. Originally called Bud (Budagovsky) 54-118 from the Michurinsk College of Agriculture in the Soviet...
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M.7 Rootstock
Also known as EMLA 7, this rootstock hails from 1912 at the East Mauling Research Station and probably the most common semi-dwarf rootstocks. It pr...
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G.969 Rootstock
A semi-dwarfing rootstock out of the Geneva Apple Rootstock Breeding Program. It is cold hardy and is a cross between a dwarfing Ottawa 3 Rootstock...
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M.27 Rootstock
A very dwarfing rootstock~ smaller than M.9 or B.9. Needs central leader support of tree will be very small. Typically drafted with other rootstock...
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Geneva 41 Rootstock
A dwarfing rootstock resulting from an M.27 (one of the smallest dwarfing rootstock and our choice at the Nursery for dwarf trees) and a Robusta 5 ...
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Pajam 2 Rootstock
Very similar to M.9 and its related families, the Pajam 2 Cepiland is a French rootstock know to be one of the strongest M9 grafts available today....
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(Malus) Antonovka
The largest non-cultivated rootstock. Also known as a seedling tree that produces a full sized tree. Rootstock is very cold hardy but do not change...
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Pyrus 'OHxF 97'
Large, semi-dwarfing pear rootstock. Rootstocks are about 18" long and are ¼" in caliper. Sold in packs of 5, 10 and 25. Final Height: 70-90% of St...
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M.26 Rootstock
A vigorous dwarfing rootstock introduced in 1929 from the East Malling Research Station. Rootstocks are about 18" long and are ¼" in caliper. Sold...
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M.111 Rootstock
Introduced in the early 1950s and is a very vigorous tree. Rootstocks are about 18" long and are ¼" in caliper. Sold in packs of 5, 10 and 25. Fina...
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G.890 Rootstock
Similar to M.7 but with higher and earlier production. Rootstocks are ¼" in caliper. Sold in packs of 5, 10 and 25. Final Height: 70-75% of Standar...
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$107.00
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$107.00
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